Este lunes, la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación determinó que los tribunales locales no son competentes para conocer de violaciones directas a la Constitución federal. La determinación de la Corte derivó de las Acciones de inconstitucionalidad 71/2018 y su acumulada 75/2018, promovidas por el partido Morena y por la Procuraduría General de la República, demandando la invalidez de diversas disposiciones de la Ley Número 288 de la Constitución Política del Estado de Sonora, publicada en el Periódico Oficial de esa entidad el 13 de agosto de 2018.
En sesión del Tribunal Pleno, la Corte invalidó una disposición de la Constitución Política de Sonora que facultaba al tribunal constitucional del estado para conocer de las acciones de inconstitucionalidad locales, “con base en lo establecido en el artículo 133 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos”.
De acuerdo con un comunicado de la Corte, el Pleno explicó que si bien todos los jueces locales del país pueden hacer un control constitucional difuso e inaplicar una norma que estimen inconstitucional en sus respectivos ámbitos de competencia, carecen de atribuciones para conocer de asuntos en los que se planteen violaciones directas a la Constitución General.
Esto porque esta facultad es competencia exclusiva del Poder Judicial de la Federación, a través de los medios de control que la propia Constitución General establece.
La determinación de la Corte derivó de las Acciones de inconstitucionalidad 71/2018 y su acumulada 75/2018, promovidas por el partido Morena y por la Procuraduría General de la República, demandando la invalidez de diversas disposiciones de la Ley Número 288 de la Constitución Política del Estado de Sonora, publicada en el Periódico Oficial de esa entidad el 13 de agosto de 2018.
En septiembre de 2018, la Procuraduría General de la República (PGR) presentó una acción de inconstitucionalidad ante la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación (SCJN) contra la reforma constitucional de Sonora que restringe la representación legislativa de las coaliciones y candidaturas comunes.
De acuerdo con un comunicado de la dependencia federal, en el mismo recurso también impugnaron otro aspecto de la denominada Ley 288, con el cual el Congreso de la entidad pretende fijar el marco legal para la resolución de las acciones de inconstitucionalidad estatales.
Estos dos puntos son parte de la Ley 288 , que reformó, derogó y adicionó diversas disposiciones de la Constitución Política de Sonora y que fue publicada el pasado 13 de agosto en el Boletín Oficial del Estado.
«Con la impugnación se busca el establecimiento de una interpretación conforme a la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos y se presenta con pleno respeto a la Constitución local», indicó.
LA LEY VETO
Hace un año Alfonso Durazo, la diergencia estatal y los 21 dispuitados electos de Morena hcieron una serie de protestas contra el paquete de iniciativas de la gobernadora Claudia Pavlovich en la Ley 288 que reformó diversas disposiciones de la Constitución de Sonora, otorgándole nuevas facultades a la gobernadora, entre las que destaca que podrá inconformarse con el presupuesto que apruebe el Poder Legislativo.
El 8 de agosto de 2018, los diputados integrantes de la LXI Legislatura aprobaron la Ley número 288, la cual entrará en vigor al día siguiente de su publicación en el Boletín Oficial del Gobierno del Estado.
Serán las instituciones jurídicas donde se resuelvan las inconformidades por las recientes reformas aprobadas en el Congreso del Estado, indicó entonces Claudia Pavlovich Arellano, quien celebró que también se haya eliminado el fuero para funcionarios del gobierno y diputados, así como para otras autoridades.
Alfonso Durazo Montaño, y 21 diputados locales electos de Morena por Sonora, se pronunciaron en contra de la reforma constitucional que promulga la gobernadora Claudia Pavlovich en la entidad.
“En lo oscurito, sin informar al pueblo y buscando evadir su clamor de cambio profundo, se procesa una iniciativa de reforma constitucional, enviada por la Gobernadora, que pretende anular el poder de un futuro Congreso de mayoría opositora y debilitar al mismo tiempo la capacidad de los futuros presidentes municipales, de mayoría también opositora”, declaró Durazo sobre la situación actual del Congreso sonorense.
Durazo y los futuros diputados por Sonora hicieron público su rechazo ante lo que calificaron como un “intento de golpe de Estado legislativo” por parte de la actual gobernadora de la entidad.
Días después, correspondió a la ministra Margarita Beatriz Luna Ramos admitir a trámite la acción promovida contra los Poderes Ejecutivo y Legislativo de Sonora que impugna los artículos 31, párrafo tercero y 140 párrafos tercero, fracción VI, y cuarto de la Constitución Política de la entidad.
Dichos artículos otorgaban nuevas facultades al Ejecutivo en materia de presupuesto y veto, y restringían la representación legislativa de coaliciones y candidaturas comunes, entre otras modificaciones.
SE ANEXA COMUNICADO DE LA SCJN
No. 157/2019
Ciudad de México, a 7 de octubre de 2019
TRIBUNALES CONSTITUCIONALES LOCALES CARECEN DE COMPETENCIA PARA CONOCER DE VIOLACIONES DIRECTAS A LA CONSTITUCIÓN FEDERAL
La Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación, en sesión del Tribunal Pleno, invalidó una disposición de la Constitución Política del Estado de Sonora que facultaba al tribunal constitucional del estado para conocer de las acciones de inconstitucionalidad locales, “con base en lo establecido en el artículo 133 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos”.
Al respecto, el Pleno explicó que si bien todos los jueces locales del país pueden hacer un control constitucional difuso e inaplicar una norma que estimen inconstitucional en sus respectivos ámbitos de competencia, carecen de atribuciones para conocer de asuntos en los que se planteen violaciones directas a la Constitución General. Lo anterior, toda vez que esta facultad es competencia exclusiva del Poder Judicial de la Federación, a través de los medios de control que la propia Constitución General establece.
Acciones de inconstitucionalidad 71/2018 y su acumulada 75/2018, promovidas por el partido político MORENA y la Procuraduría General de la República, demandando la invalidez de diversas disposiciones de la Ley Número 288 de la Constitución Política del Estado de Sonora, publicada en el Periódico Oficial de esa entidad el 13 de agosto de 2018.
Documento con fines de divulgación. La sentencia es la única versión oficial.
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