La enfermedad de Alzheimer afecta a millones de personas en todo el mundo.
Las cifras asociadas a la enfermedad de Alzheimer no paran de crecer en todo el planeta y el futuro no parece muy halagüeño. Ahora, un estudio sugiere que puede haber un vínculo entre dormir mucho y el riesgo de desarrollar demencia.
La investigación, dirigida por Sudha Seshadri, profesor de neurología en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Boston (EE. UU.) examinó los datos del Framingham Heart Study, un gran estudio de cohortes que comenzó en 1948 con 5.209 hombres y mujeres de entre 30 y 62 años que vivían en la ciudad de Framingham, Massachusetts. El propósito original del estudio era identificar los factores de riesgo para la enfermedad cardiovascular.
Los datos son tajantes: dormir 9 horas al día o más aporta el doble de probabilidades de desarrollar alzhéimer en 10 años, en comparación con los que duermen habitualmente menos de 9 horas.
La educación también cuenta
«Los participantes sin un título de escuela secundaria que dormían más de 9 horas cada noche tenían seis veces el riesgo de desarrollar demencia en 10 años en comparación con los participantes que dormían menos. Estos resultados sugieren que tener una educación superior puede proteger contra la demencia en relación a una larga duración del sueño«, afirma Seshadri.
Los investigadores también descubrieron que las personas que dormían más horas cada noche parecían tener volúmenes cerebrales más pequeños, por lo que sospechan que el sueño excesivo es probablemente un síntoma más bien que una causa de los cambios neuronales que acontecen con la demencia. Como consecuencia, especulan que la reducción de la duración del sueño no tiene por qué reducir el riesgo de demencia.
Sin embargo, se puede contrarrestar esta tendencia con la Neuróbica o «ejercicios cerebrales», el desafío consiste en hacer todo aquello contrario a la rutina, obligando al cerebro a un trabajo adicional. Realizar actividades de la vida cotidiana con la mano no dominante, tales como cepillarse los dientes, cortar algún alimento, escribir, armar un rompecabezas, etc., esto ayuda a desarrollar la lateralidad cerebral. Cambiar de rutas para ir al trabajo, casa, escuela, rompe con las actividades rutinarias inconscientes y crea nuevas opciones. El término neuróbica fue acuñado por el fallecido neurobiólogo Lawrence Katz y Manning Rubin para describir ejercicios mentales diseñados para mantener al cerebro alerta.
El estudio ha sido publicado en la revista Neurology.
Fuente:muyinteresante.es
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