El País/ Elena Reina

La Ciudad de México reconocerá el derecho a una muerte digna en su nueva Constitución. A menos de 30 días para que se acabe el plazo de los diputados de crear una Carta Magna para la capital de México, convertida en entidad federal desde el año pasado, el derecho a la eutanasia se ha impuesto en la Cámara con más del 60% de los votos. El texto promete erigirse como uno de los más progresistas de América Latina. Y con su aprobación final, será la primera vez que se eleve este derecho al rango constitucional.
El artículo aprobado por los constituyentes sostiene: “Este derecho fundamental, el de la determinación y el libre desarrollo de una personalidad, deberá posibilitar que todas las personas puedan ejercer plenamente sus capacidades para vivir con dignidad. La vida digna contiene implícitamente el derecho a una muerte digna”.

La capital mexicana, bastión de la lucha por los derechos de los homosexuales en todo el continente —fue la primera capital de América en reconocer legalmente el matrimonio de personas del mismo sexo en 2009—, además de ser pionera en permitir la interrupción libre del embarazo, ha dado un nuevo paso trascendental para el país. El reconocimiento de una “muerte digna” en su artículo 11, de ser finalmente ratificada la Carta Magna y aprobada después la legislación reglamentaria para la eutanasia (qué tipo de casos y con qué tipo de salvaguardas), podría extenderse a toda la República. El constitucionalista Diego Valadés explica cómo: “De acuerdo con la Constitución federal, el artículo primero reconoce la progresividad y universalidad de los derechos fundamentales. Esto quiere decir que los derechos que se adquieren en un lugar del país se consideran como referentes en el resto de Estados”.

La Iglesia mexicana ya ha advertido que se trata de una capital “asesina” y que el texto que preparan los diputados no es más que un “bodrio”. Pero la gran megalópolis continúa en su empeño por empujar al resto del país hacia el reconocimiento de los derechos más progresistas y convertirse en referente para el continente.

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